Computer Programming: A Hierarchy Of Languages Computer Programming: hierarhijo Jeziki
A computer cannot work without software to direct its hardware. Računalnik ne more delovati brez programske opreme za neposredno svoje strojne opreme. That is where computer programming comes into the scene. To je trenutek, ko računalniško programiranje prihaja na sceno. A programmer is a person who writes software for a computer to use. Programer je oseba, ki napiše programske opreme za računalnik za uporabo. There are many kinds of programming languages, as they are called, ranging from the simplistic assembly language to the more complicated C++ and Java. Obstaja veliko vrst programskih jezikov, kot jih imenujejo, od poenostavljeno montažo jezika za bolj zapleteno C + + in Java. These languages are divided into a small hierarchy, ranging from machine code to high level languages. Ti jeziki se delijo v manjše hierarhije, od strojno kodo za visoko raven jezika. Each level of this hierarchy is more complex than the one below it; however, the higher a language is on the hierarchy, the slower it will run as a program in general because it has to be compiled into a machine code. Regardless of the language used, computer programming is a vital job in today's world simply because of the amount of computers we use in the industry. Vsaka raven te hierarhije je bolj zapletena, kot je tista, pod njim, vendar pa je višja jeziku je na hierarhijo, je počasnejši, bo pa kot program na splošno, ker je treba zbrati v strojno kodo. Ne glede na jezik uporabljajo, računalniško programiranje je bistveno delo v današnjem svetu zgolj zaradi zneska računalnikov smo uporabo v industriji. The lowest level of computer programming languages is machine code, which is simply a long list of 1's and 0's which are read by the processor directly. Najnižji ravni računalniških programskih jezikov je strojno kodo, ki je preprosto dolg seznam 1 in 0, ki se glasi's, ki jih predelovalec neposredno. The next step up is assembly language, which uses mnemonics known as opcodes and hexadecimal, a base-16 numbering system, to manipulate the 1's and 0's. Naslednji korak se je sestav jezikov, ki uporablja Mnemotehnika znan kot opcodes in heksadecimalna, osnovno-16 sistemom številčenja, manipulirati 1's and 0's. It is easier for a programmer to deal with assembly because it uses letters instead of just being a long string of binary (1's and 0's) numbers. To je lažje, programer, da se ukvarjajo z montažo, ker uporablja črk namesto Samo dolgo string dvojiški (1's and 0's) številke. Because assembly is one step above machine code, it is the fastest language in terms of being compiled. Zaradi montaže je za eno stopnjo nad strojno kodo, je najhitrejši jezik v smislu, da se pripravijo. The next level of programming languages are what is known as the high-level languages. These computer programming languages are the most familiar, which include the highly used C, C++, and Java. Naslednja stopnja programskih jezikih so kar je znano kot visoki ravni jezikov. Ti računalniški programski jeziki so najbolj poznajo, ki vključujejo visoko uporabljajo C, C + + in Java. Even some of the lesser used languages such as Pascal, BASIC, and FORTRAN are all considered high-level languages. Celo nekatere manj uporabljenih jezikov kot Pascal, BASIC, in FORTRAN se štejejo za visoko raven jezika. The high-level languages are different from assembly in that they have their own syntax and wording system. Na visoki ravni jeziki razlikujejo od sestavljanja v tem, da imajo svojo lastno sintakso in besedilo sistema. Instead of using opcodes to manipulate hexadecimal numbers, high-level languages have symbols and/or actual words that can manipulate data at a higher level. Namesto uporabe opcodes manipulirati šestnajstiška številke, visoke ravni jeziku so simboli in / ali dejanske besede, ki lahko manipulira podatkov na višji ravni. From the simplistic assembly language to the more complicated high-level languages, computer programming is divided into multiple layers, each layer being more complicated than the last. Od lahkomiselnim montažo jezik za bolj zapleteno visoki ravni jezikov, računalniškega programiranja, je razdeljena na več plasti, vsaka plast pa je bolj zapleten, kot je bila nazadnje. The lowest layer, machine code, cannot be understood by humans because it is simply 1's and 0's. Najnižji plasti, strojno kodo, ne morejo razumeti ljudi, ker je preprosto 1's and 0's. The next level is assembly language, which replaces the 1's and 0's with mnemonics and hexadecimal numbers, making it easier for humans to use. Naslednja stopnja je Zbirni jezik, ki nadomešča 1's and 0's s Mnemotehnika in šestnajstiška številke, ki omogočajo človeku, da uporaba. The high-level languages, including FORTRAN, BASIC, C++, and Java, use symbols and/or words that can do more in less lines of code than assembly. Na visoki ravni jezikov, vključno FORTRAN, BASIC, C + + in Java, uporabo simbolov in / ali besedami, da lahko storijo več v manj vrstic kode kot montaže. However, in order to be translated to a form that is readable by the computer, these high-level languages must be translated, or compiled, to assembly and then to machine code. Vendar, da se prevedejo v obliko, ki je berljiv z računalnikom, ti visoki ravni jezike morajo biti prevedeni, ali izračunati, za montažo in nato strojno kodo. That is why assembly language runs faster, it only needs to be compiled once instead of twice. Zato Zbirni jezik deluje hitreje, je le treba zbrati enkrat namesto dvakrat. 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